PHT533 - Pharmacology and Applied Toxicology

Outline info
Semester
School
Last revision date 2024-01-10 14:24:03.812
Last review date 2024-01-10 14:24:03.812


Subject Title
Pharmacology and Applied Toxicology

Subject Description
This course is designed to introduce students to basic pharmacological and toxicological principles through the selective coverage of various topics in pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, medicinal chemistry, drug design and toxicology. Laboratory experiments will focus on commonly used techniques (solid phase extraction, HPLC, GC, TLC) and biological matrices (blood, urine, and saliva) encountered in a pharmacology or toxicology laboratory setting.

Credit Status
Programs: CLT, CLP
One credit towards CLP program.

Learning Outcomes
Upon successful completion of this subject the student will be able to:

General Lecture Objectives: Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to:

  1. Understand the basic principles of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
  2. Understand the basic principles of ADME, toxicology and dose response.
  3. Perform basic interpretation of drug pharmacokinetic profiles and pharmacodynamics related to ADME and bioavailability.
  4. Understand general concepts in toxicology and adverse drug reactions.
  5. Understand basic human physiology as it relates to drug therapeutics and drug mechanism.
  6. Understand drug-drug interactions and their therapeutic effects on human body.
  7. Understand the concept of drug design by rationale and identify pharmacologically active structures.
  8. Understand the autonomic and somatic nervous system and neurotransmitter-receptor interaction.
  9. In depth analysis of antimicrobial agents and their chemical structures
  10. Review the current selected topics in modern pharmacology.
Laboratory Experiments: Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to:
  1. Perform analysis of drugs in complex matrices using a variety of sample preparation techniques and analytical measurements applicable to a pharmacology and toxicology laboratory setting.
  2. Develop laboratory skills required for future employment.
  3. Use observational and critical thinking skills to make appropriate conclusions pertaining to pharmacological/toxicological sample analysis.

Essential Employability Skills

    •  Communicate clearly, concisely and correctly in the written, spoken and visual form that fulfils the purpose and meets the needs of the audience.

    •  Respond to written, spoken, or visual messages in a manner that ensures effective communication.

    •  Execute mathematical operations accurately.

    •  Apply a systematic approach to solve problems.

    •  Use a variety of thinking skills to anticipate and solve problems.

    •  Locate, select, organize, and document information using appropriate technology and information systems.

    •  Analyze, evaluate, and apply relevant information from a variety of sources.

    •  Show respect for diverse opinions, values, belief systems, and contributions of others.

    •  Interact with others in groups or teams in ways that contribute to effective working relationships and the achievement of goals.

    •  Manage the use of time and other resources to complete projects.

    •  Take responsibility for one's own actions, decisions, and consequences.

Academic Integrity
Seneca upholds a learning community that values academic integrity, honesty, fairness, trust, respect, responsibility and courage. These values enhance Seneca's commitment to deliver high-quality education and teaching excellence, while supporting a positive learning environment. Ensure that you are aware of Seneca's Academic Integrity Policy which can be found at: http://www.senecapolytechnic.ca/about/policies/academic-integrity-policy.html Review section 2 of the policy for details regarding approaches to supporting integrity. Section 2.3 and Appendix B of the policy describe various sanctions that can be applied, if there is suspected academic misconduct (e.g., contract cheating, cheating, falsification, impersonation or plagiarism).

Please visit the Academic Integrity website http://open2.senecac.on.ca/sites/academic-integrity/for-students to understand and learn more about how to prepare and submit work so that it supports academic integrity, and to avoid academic misconduct.

Discrimination/Harassment
All students and employees have the right to study and work in an environment that is free from discrimination and/or harassment. Language or activities that defeat this objective violate the College Policy on Discrimination/Harassment and shall not be tolerated. Information and assistance are available from the Student Conduct Office at student.conduct@senecapolytechnic.ca.

Accommodation for Students with Disabilities
The College will provide reasonable accommodation to students with disabilities in order to promote academic success. If you require accommodation, contact the Counselling and Accessibility Services Office at ext. 22900 to initiate the process for documenting, assessing and implementing your individual accommodation needs.

Camera Use and Recordings - Synchronous (Live) Classes
Synchronous (live) classes may be delivered in person, in a Flexible Learning space, or online through a Seneca web conferencing platform such as MS Teams or Zoom. Flexible Learning spaces are equipped with cameras, microphones, monitors and speakers that capture and stream instructor and student interactions, providing an in-person experience for students choosing to study online.

Students joining a live class online may be required to have a working camera in order to participate, or for certain activities (e.g. group work, assessments), and high-speed broadband access (e.g. Cable, DSL) is highly recommended. In the event students encounter circumstances that impact their ability to join the platform with their camera on, they should reach out to the professor to discuss. Live classes may be recorded and made available to students to support access to course content and promote student learning and success.

By attending live classes, students are consenting to the collection and use of their personal information for the purposes of administering the class and associated coursework. To learn more about Seneca's privacy practices, visit Privacy Notice.

Prerequisite(s)
BIC 433, CHO 433.

Topic Outline

Tentative Lecture Learning Outcomes
Topic # Reference Upon successful completion of this topic, the student will demonstrate an understanding of the following topics.
1 Introduction to Pharmacology The basic principles of pharmacology
The multidisciplinary nature (fields of science) associated with the study of the effect of drugs on biological systems
2 Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics General principles of drug absorption, distribution, transport, metabolism, elimination and how it it measured and evaluated.
First order and zero order kinetics
First pass, phase I, and phase II metabolism
Elimination rate constants and drug half life
Basic drug delivery systems and their relationship to pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
3 Introduction to Toxicology The basic principles of toxicology
Drug/dose    relationship     and    metabolism    of    toxic compounds
Drugs as toxic compounds
Adverse events
4 Drug Therapeutics The central nervous system, and drugs that act on it
The autonomic nervous system and drugs that act on it
The cardiovascular system and drugs that act on it
Cancer and chemotherapy
Endocrine diseases and hormone drugs,
Inflammation and NSAIDS
Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADC)
5
 
 
 
 
Drug Design Structure of pharmacophore
 
Proper and correct modeling of the receptor pocket
Identification of the interactive components
Design a drug template for the receptor
Optimization of binding affinity through structural analysis
 

  
Tentative Schedule Winter 2023 PHT 533
Week Number Date Experiment Outcome
Week 1 Jan 9 Introduction Introduction
Week 2 Jan 16 Exp 1- Qualitative Determination of Acetaminophen in Urine Understand the concept of qualitative analysis, drugs and metabolites in urine and the use of a nomogram for hepatotoxicity
Week 3 Jan 23 Exp 2- Quantitative Determination of Salicylate Levels in Plasma
 
The application of liquid/liquid extraction to blood plasma sample
Week 4 Jan 30 Quantitative Determination of Salicylate Levels in Plasma
 
The use of appropriate experimental controls, standards, and scientific method applied to the analysis of blood plasma samples. Use of a nomogram for blood serum assessment of toxicity
Week 5 Feb 06 Exp 3- Drug Screening by TLC
 
The use of TLC for drug screening
Weeks 6 Feb 13 Drug Screening by TLC
 
The use of TLC for drug screening
Week 7 Feb 20
(Family day-Monday)
Exp 4- Solid Phase Extractions (SPE) of Caffeine from Plasma General concepts of solid phase extraction (Sample Prep)
 
Weeks 8 Feb 27 Study Break (NO labs)
Weeks 9 Mar 06 Solid Phase Extractions (SPE) of Caffeine from Plasma
 
The use of appropriate experimental controls, standards, and scientific method applied to the analysis of blood plasma samples HPLC
Weeks 10 Mar 13 Solid Phase Extractions (SPE) of Caffeine from Plasma
 
General concepts of sample preparation and comparison with SPE (Sample Prep) + Run GC/FID
 
Weeks 11 Mar 20 Solid Phase Extractions (SPE) of Caffeine from Plasma Data analysis of GC/FID
Weeks 12 Mar 27 Exp 5- Quantitative Analysis of Caffeine and Metabolites of Caffeine in urine Evaluation of receptor/isozyme activity via the analysis of saliva samples
The application of liquid/liquid extraction to urine samples. Analysis of biological samples using HPLC
Weeks 13 Apr 03 Quantitative Analysis of Caffeine and Metabolites of Caffeine in urine Creation of method and sequence for sample run using HPLC instrument
Weeks 14 Apr 10 Quantitative Analysis of Caffeine and Metabolites of Caffeine in urine The use of appropriate experimental controls, standards, and scientific method applied to the analysis of caffeine metabolites in urine samples HPLC (Data Analysis)
Weeks 15 Apr 17 Cont’ Cont’
 
*Please be advised that lab schedule is tentative and that it may be subject to changes during the course. All changes will be communicated with school and students in advance.

Mode of Instruction
Using innovative learning spaces, in HyFlex mode, professor teaches a class to students in a classroom AND online at the same time. Courses delivered in the flexible format, students have a choice, for each class session, of coming to campus for an on-campus experience or learning remotely online.
 
Flexible (sometimes called HyFlex or hybrid flexible) is a course design mode that gives students the opportunity to attend in class, online synchronously, or online asynchronously. Students can change their mode of attendance and participation for each class session.

ALL LABS ARE IN-PERSON

Prescribed Texts

Graham L. Patrick., An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry 5th ed. Oxford University Press

Reference Material
Highly recommended texts:
 
Harvey R.A., Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins 2012

Required Supplies

  • Laboratory Coat (available in the Seneca@York bookstore)
  • Lab Equipment Kit (available in the Seneca@York bookstore)
  • Hardcover lab notebook

Student Progression and Promotion Policy
In order to successfully earn the credit, a student must pass both laboratory and lecture components of this subject independently.
 
A student who does not successfully complete the course, and achieved a minimum of 70% on the lab component may apply to the Program Coordinator for exemption from the lab component. This situation will only apply within an academic year.

http://www.senecapolytechnic.ca/about/policies/student-progression-and-promotion-policy.html

Grading Policyhttp://www.senecapolytechnic.ca/about/policies/grading-policy.html

A+ 90%  to  100%
A 80%  to  89%
B+ 75%  to  79%
B 70%  to  74%
C+ 65%  to  69%
C 60%  to  64%
D+ 55%  to  59%
D 50%  to  54%
F 0%    to  49% (Not a Pass)
OR
EXC Excellent
SAT Satisfactory
UNSAT Unsatisfactory

For further information, see a copy of the Academic Policy, available online (http://www.senecapolytechnic.ca/about/policies/academics-and-student-services.html) or at Seneca's Registrar's Offices.(https://www.senecapolytechnic.ca/registrar.html).


Modes of Evaluation

Mid-Term Test (essay/multiple choice/short answer) 15 %
 
In-class quiz Kahoot 5  %
Group Assignment (on-going/essay) 20 %
Lab exercises/reports (short answer) 40 %
Lecture Examination (essay/multiple choice/short answer) 20 %
 
Total 100%

In order to successfully earn the credit, a student must pass both laboratory and lecture components of this subject independently.
 
A student who does not successfully complete the course, and achieved a minimum of 70% on the lab component may apply to the Program Coordinator for exemption from the lab component. This situation will only apply within an academic year.

General School Policies and Guidelines

Cheating and Plagiarism: 
Students are all responsible to have a full and comprehensive knowledge of College Cheating and plagiarism policies
 
Cheating and plagiarism are offenses that will not be tolerated by the College. Such offenses occur when a student misrepresents his or her performance on any form of academic evaluation including, but not limited to, written assignments, lab experiments, group projects, tests or examinations. The penalty for a first offence of cheating or plagiarism is a grade "0" on the work in which the offense occurred and will result in a comment being placed on the transcript by the Academic Honesty Committee. The penalty for the second offence of cheating or plagiarism is an "F" in the course where the offence occurred, a second comment on the transcript and suspension from the College for a time period determined by the Academic Honesty Committee. When a student returns to the College, he/she will be placed on Academic Honesty Probation. If a further violation of the Academic Honesty policy occurs, the student will be withdrawn immediately from the College and will not be eligible for reinstatement.
 
Discrimination/Harassment: 
All students and employees have the right to study and work in an environment that is free from discrimination and/or harassment. Language or activities that defeat this objective violate the College Policy on Discrimination/Harassment and shall not be tolerated. Information and assistance are available from the Student Conduct Office at ext. 22078 or via email at student.conduct@senecapolytechnic.ca.
 
Laboratory Attendance: 
The laboratory component of the course is essential and therefore attendance in all laboratory classes is mandatory. Please note that while the lectures are HyFlex, ALL LABS ARE IN-PERSON.  Any absences must be supported by a  legal document within one week.  The faculty must be notified immediately by phone/e-mail in the event of a missed laboratory class. Any student who fails to attend more than 2 scheduled laboratory classes will not pass the laboratory component of the course.
 
The final laboratory practical exam is compulsory.
 
Laboratory Safety:
Each student must review the safety procedures and guidelines outlined and sign a document to this effect before beginning work in the laboratory. Also each student must also pass a safety quiz.
 
A student who arrives without the proper safety equipment or arrives late and misses the relevant safety instructions for that particular lab may be requested to observe rather than perform the lab. The student will be marked accordingly.
 
 
Submission of Assignments/Lab Reports/Etc.: 
All assignments, lab reports, etc. must be submitted by the time specified by the faculty. A  penalty of 10% will be imposed for all material submitted late on the day (i.e. later than ‘within the first five minutes of the scheduled class’) it was due and 25 % per day thereafter (including weekend days). Material will not be accepted one week after the submission date and/or after the marked material has been returned, whichever comes first.
A hard copy of your report will only be accepted – nothing sent via e-mail or fax will be accepted.
 
Tests: 
The evaluation process through tests is an essential component of the course and therefore attendance at all tests is mandatory. Any absences must be supported by a legal document within one week. The faculty must be notified immediately by phone/e-mail in the event of a missed  test. There will be no make-up tests. Students who miss more than one lecture test will not be eligible to receive a credit in this course. Upon acceptable justification of a missed test the student's term mark may be 'made up' from the final exam.
 
Final Exam: 
The final exam must be written at the scheduled time and location. The faculty must be notified immediately by phone/e-mail in the event of the missed exam and supporting documentation must follow.
  
Acceptable Documentation:  
Proper documentation is required for missed labs, tests and exams.
 
Punctuality:  
Show consideration for your classmates and respect for faculty by arriving on time to class.  If  you know in advance of a class that you are going to be late, please let your faculty know. Please arrive on time for classes so as to minimize disruption to your classmates and faculty.
 
Cell Phone Usage:  
As a courtesy to your fellow students and faculty, cell phones should remain turned off while in class. If, in the case of an emergency, the cell phone must remain on, please notify the teacher before class begins.

 Computing Acceptable Use Policy:  
All Students are responsible for abiding by the College’s Computing Acceptable Use Policy and for obeying Provincial and Federal laws/regulations regarding the use of computer equipment, facilities and/or networks.
 
Lecture Notes:  
All course lecture material will be available on MySeneca (http://my.senecapolytechnic.ca) .
 

 

Approved by: Paola Battiston